• Homelessness and runaway status, after youth are kicked out or flee domestic abuse by family members unable to accept the youth’s gender identity or sexual orientation

• Involvement in survival crimes such as theft and prostitution

• Violence and harassment in school, causing LGBT youth to skip classes, perform worse, and lower their aspirations

• Social isolation from the wider community, including some civic institutions and extended family networks

• High rates of depression, chronic stress, and substance abuse due to family and societal rejection

LGBT youth are also highly vulnerable once they enter the juvenile justice system. A few of the documented threats that LGBT youth face are:

• Court and law enforcement officials’ lack of understanding about sexual orientation and gender identity issues

• Verbal, physical, and sexual abuse by staff and fellow residents in court-ordered placements

• Unnecessary use of isolation and segregation in confinement

• Inappropriate sexual offense charges arising from consensual same-sex conduct

Juvenile justice professionals desperately need more information, training, and resources to ensure that LGBT youth are treated fairly. LGBT young people have the same rights as other youth in the justice system, including: effective assistance of counsel, protection from harassment and harm, individualized disposition plans, and fair and respectful treatment. These rights are guaranteed by the federal Constitution and by state non-discrimination provisions where applicable.